Two-stroke cycle, injection-type internal-combustion engine



Dec. 6, 1955 A. SCHEITERLEIN TWO-STROKE CYCLE, INJECTION-TYPEINTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE 3 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Dec. 29, 1952 Dec. 6.1955 A. scHx-:l'n-:RLEIN 2,725,866

TWO-STROKE CYCLE, INJECTION-TYPE INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Dec.29, 1952 Fig 2 Dec. 6, 1955 A. SCHEITERLEIN 2,725,366

TWO-STROKE CYCLE, INJECTION-TYPE INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Dec.29, 1952 5 Sheets-Sheet I5 "I 1 I i l United States Patent O TWO-STRUKECYCLE, INJECTION-TYPE INTERNAL-COMBUSTIGN ENGHNIE Andreas Scheiterlen,Graz, Austria, assignor to Gustav Ospelt, Vaduz, LiechtensteinApplication December 29, 1952, Serial No. 328,383 Claims priority,application Austria January 19, 1952 2 Claims. (Cl. 123-195) The presentinvention relates to two-stroke cycle, injection-typeinternal-combustion engines with upright cylinders arranged in a row andpiston-controlled intake and exhaust ports.

It is known to arrange in engines of this type the accessories driven bya V belt from the front end of the engine, such as the scavenging andcharging blower, the dynamo, and the cooling water pump and,furthermore, the oil cooler and the exhaust manifold, at the twolongitudinal sides of the engine, withtheir axes extending in thedirection of the crankshaft axis. The devices in drive connection withthe engine by gears, such as the injection pump and the starter, areusually mounted on an end wall beside the flywheel, with their axes alsoextending in the direction of the crankshaft axis.

In these known arrangements the engine housing is provided with mountingsurfaces for the parts and members of the engine to be attachedlaterally of the row of cylinders, and these mounting surfaces areadapted in shape and position to these parts and members to be attached.Machining these differently situated mounting surfaces is a timeconsuming and expensive operation. Moreover, an overlap of thesesurfaces must be avoided so that the space requirement in most cases islarger than would correspond to the size of the parts or members to beattached. Particularly in low-power engines the poor space utilizationis of detrimental etect because the external walls available for theattachment of the accessories or auxiliaries and the like are relativelysmall whereas the size of these accessories is not reduced for a smallerpower in the same proportion as the size of the engine.

The invention has as its object to avoid these disadvantages andessentially resides in the fact that all connection surfaces of theengine housing for the engine members and parts attached laterally tothe engine housing are situated in two downwardly divergng planes onboth sides of the row of cylinders, and that the scavenging blower andall other accessories or the like driven from the crankshaft by a V beltor the like at the front end of the engine, as well as the oil coolerand the exhaust manifold, are attached to these connecting surfaces withtheir axes parallel to the crankshaft axis.

Since all connecting surfaces on either side of the engine housingextend in one plane, machining them is facilitated substantially. By thedownwardly divergng arrangement of these planes which are to be machinedat both sides of the engine housing the original or fundamental shape ofthe engine is taken into account to a great extent. The space from thecylinders to the crankcase may be utilized for the connection of thevarious parts, organs an-d accessories of the engine. Since allconnecting surfaces on one side of the engine lie in one plane, aspace-saving arrangement of the parts, members and accessories of theengine is possible. This is of decisive importance particularly forlow-power engines, in which the surface area available for thearrangement of ICC the accessories is relatively small. Hence, theinvention relates more particularly to engines having a displacement ofless than 1.0 litres per cylinder.

The invention affords special advantages in two-stroke cycleinjection-type internal-combustion engine with re verse scavenging andardisplacement of less than l litre per cylinder. Since in such machineswith reverse scavenging the exhaust manifold and the scavenging blowermust be arranged one below the other on the same side of the row ofcylinders and in such small engines the distance between the exhaustmanifold an-d scavenging blower must be relatively small, thearrangement of the con necting surfaces for these parts in one plane hasspecial advantages in that case. For this reason such smalltwostroke-cycle, injection-type internal-combustion engines with reversescavenging have arranged according to the invention the exhaust manifoldon the intake and exhaust side, at the level of the exhaust ports,whereas the scavenging blower s arranged below the exhaust manifold andthe starter is arranged below the scavenging blower, while on the otherside the fuel-injection pump is situated approximately at the level ofthe exhaust manifold, and the dynamo and the cooling water pump aresituated axially one behind the other below the injection pump whereasthe oil cooler is situated below the dynamo and the cooling water pump.

In the drawing the invention is illustrated schematically with referenceto an example.

Eig. l is a cross-sectional view of the engine, taken along line I--I ofFig. 3.

Fig. 2 is an elevation of the engine according to Fig. l, seen from theleft.

Fig. 3 is an elevation of the engine according to Fig. l,

i seen from the right.

In the two-stroke cycle, injection-type internal-combustion enginerepresented in the drawing, 1 is the engine housing, 2 and 3 are thecylinder heads, 4 the cylinder liners fixed to the cylinder heads byscrews, which are not shown, 5 are the pistons, 6 is the connecting rod,7 the crankshaft, and 3 the bearing racket of a crankshaft bearing. Theunderside of the engine housing 1 is shut oif by an oil sump 9.

The cylinder heads 2 and 3 have inserted combustion chambers 10, intoeach of which an injection nozzle 12 discharges, which is inserted intoa screw body 11.

On both sides of the row of cylinders the engine housing 1 has mountingsurfaces for the various parts, members and accessories of the engine,which surfaces lie all in two downwardly divergng planes 13 and 14.

On the left-hand side of the engine the dynamo 15 with the cooling waterpump 16 and the oil cooler 17, and on the right-hand side of the enginethe exhaust manifold 19 and a Roots blower 18 are connected with theiraxes parallel to the crankshaft axis to these mounting surfaces. Theaxis of the cooling water pump and of the dynamo is designated with 49,the axis of the oil cooler with 53, the axis of the exhaust manifoldwith 52 and the axis of the Roots blower with 51, whereas the crankshaftaxis is indicated at 48.

The dynamo 1S and cooling water pump 16 are arranged on a base plate 20and thereby secured to the side of the motor housing. The securingsurface lying in plane 13 is exteriorly bounded by the contour of baseplate 20 and interiorly by dotted lne 21 (Fig. 2). The oil cooler 17located directly beneath this assembly is secured on securing surfaces22 lying also in plane 13, one disposed forwardly and the otherrearwardly. The connection of the cooling water pump 16 with oil cooler17 is a short curved pipe 23.

The exhaust manifold 19 arranged on the other motor side (right-handside of Fig. l) is at the level of the exhaust slots 24, Z5 (Figs. 1 and3) provided in motor Patented Dec. 6, 1955` housingl and 'is connectedby flanges to the machined attachingsurfaces-26 and 27 (Fig.3)-1ocated-in-plane 14. For reasons of a favorable utilization of space,the exhaust manifold has an inner cross section lying so high thatitslowest point' lies at `the same 4level with the lower edge ofthe exhaustslot"24. The'Roots blower E8 is'alsomounted in plane 14, the conteur ofthe attaching-surface'being' shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3 anddesignated bySt).

The drive Yof the mentioned accessories 1S, 16,18 is carried out fromthe front side of the motor 'in' a' known manner by wedgebelts. Thepulley 234 keyed on crank shaft 7 drives by means of the single wedgebelt 29 simultaneously through pulley 30 dynamo i5 '-and through pulley3i fan wheel 32. TwoV additional wedge belts 33 trained over pulley 2Sdrive througha pulley 'S4-the Roots' blower i3.

Starter 35 and fuelinjection pump 36 are fastened on the walis -38 and39` respectively of the cover plate 37 located on the liywheel side andhave their drive shafts 'ttand 41 respectively parallel to axis 4S ofcrankshaft?. Starter'SS 'is connected by pinion 42, shown in Fig. 3 bydotted lines in retracted position, with the gear teeth i4 fixed to theflywheel (not shown) in operating 'position. The injection pump 36 isdriven fromA crankshaft `by a gearing arranged on the ywheel side 'ofthe motor. A gear 45 keyed to the crankshaft drives through anintermediate gear 46 a gear 47 of the size of gear-45 andI keyed todrive shaft' 4i of the injection pump.

I claim:

l. Two cycle injection internal combustionfengine with cylindersarranged in a row comprising a one-piece'housing, a crank shaft4journaled in the'lower housingV part constituting a crank case andbelow the cylinders, liners forV the cylinders inserted in the housingand having intake and exhaust ports pistons each controlling the portsof a cylinder, cylinder heads xed'to the top of the housing, the housingincluding lengthwise side walls with outer ooplanan attaching -surfacesand downwardly diverging, accessories each attached to an attachingsurface and including a cooling water pump, a dynamo, a scavengingblower, an oil cooler, and an exhaust manifold, the axes of theaccessories being disposed parallel to the crank shaft, the dynamo,water pump `and scavenging blower being belt-driven fromthe crank shaft,a flywheel carried by the crank shaft Iadjacent an end of the housing, acover closing the housing end adjacent the ywheel, and other accessoriesattached to' the cover plate and including a starter, a fuel injectionpump,'said other accessories having their axesA parallel Ato the-crankshaft, and gearing connecting the other accessories to the crank shaft.

2. The engine according to claim land also comprising reversescavenging4 means and wherein the stroke volume is less than one literper cylinder and wherein the exhaust manifold is located on one side ofthe housing substantially. atthelevel ofthe intake and exhaust ports andthe scavenging blower. is-'located'below the exhaust manifold andthestarter-is located below the scavenging blower, the fuel injectionpump being located on the other side of the housing Aat about the levelof the exhaust manifold and below 4thernanifold.the dynamo and coolingwater pump infaxialalgnment and below the cooling water pump and dynamo,the oilcooler.

References YCited in thele of this patent UNITED STATESPATENTS

